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Padma Vibhushan

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The Padma Vibhushan is the second-highest civilian award of the Republic of India, instituted on January 2, 1954, and awarded for "exceptional and distinguished service". The award is given to individuals without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex, and as of 2024, it has been bestowed on 336 individuals, including 31 posthumous and 21 non-citizen recipients. The award recipients are announced on Republic Day, and the first recipients included Satyendra Nath Bose, Nand Lal Bose, and Zakir Husain. The award has been briefly suspended twice, from 1977 to 1980 and from 1992 to 1995, and some recipients have refused or returned their conferments.learn more on wikipedia

Padma Vibhushan