4th amendment

The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and sets requirements for issuing warrants, including a judge's or magistrate's approval, probable cause, and a specific description of the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. Early court decisions limited the amendment's scope to physical intrusions, but the Supreme Court's ruling in Katz v. United States (1967) extended its protections to intrusions on individuals' privacy. The exclusionary rule, established in Weeks v. United States (1914), holds that evidence obtained through Fourth Amendment violations is generally inadmissible in criminal trials. The amendment was introduced by James Madison in 1789 and ratified by December 15, 1791, and was held to apply to state and local governments in Mapp v. Ohio (1961).learn more on wikipedia